Currently, almost 5.7 million Ukrainians have refugee status, and about 3.7 million are internally displaced persons. How Ukrainian refugees integrate into Estonian society Refugees and migrants
The process of integration of Ukrainian refugees into Estonian society can be called successful, but the results of recent surveys indicate ongoing problems. This is stated in a report prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
Temporary protection status in Estonia has been granted to more than 33 thousand citizens of Ukraine, most of whom are women and children. The employment rate among Ukrainian refugees of working age rose to 79 percent, up from 69 percent a year earlier, according to the study. Proficiency in the state language has also improved: the proportion of those who are able to communicate in Estonian has increased from 38 to 47 percent. However, 73 percent of households still report at least one problem. The most pressing issues remain in language learning and employment based on qualifications.
“Since 2022, Estonia has demonstrated a strong commitment to welcoming people fleeing war, providing them with security, stability and diverse opportunities,” said Olga Setnik, UNHCR Government Liaison Officer for Estonia. “However, despite the generally positive assessments of the integration process, the study highlights the need to draw attention to the problems of language learning and sustainable employment.”
Sigrid Solnik, representative of the Estonian Refugee Council, recalled that the temporary protection program expires in March 2027, while the war continues. Many Ukrainians plan to stay in Estonia and intend to apply for residence on other grounds, which makes access to information about rights and opportunities especially important.
Although employment has increased, 62 percent of refugees are not satisfied with their income level, and less than half are able to cover unexpected expenses of 800 euros.
According to the authors’ findings report, Ukrainian refugees have improved relationships with local communities, reports of hostile behavior have decreased, 99 percent of school-age children attend school, and the proportion of families living in independent housing has increased from 81 to 91 percent. Entrepreneurial activity is also growing: 15 percent of able-bodied refugees are engaged in business. The majority – 83 percent – plan to stay in Estonia for at least the next year.