WHO emphasizes that drug therapy cannot be the only answer to the problem of obesity. WHO supports increased use of weight loss drugs Healthcare
The World Health Organization (WHO) has for the first time presented recommendations on the use of a new class of drugs for weight loss. The document also recognizes obesity as a chronic disease. This decision could impact on country policies, drug insurance coverage and clinical protocols – especially as demand for effective weight-loss treatments soars.
The guidelines cover glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, drugs such as liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide, and provide recommendations for their safe use. within complex treatment. However, recommendations remain conditional due to limited long-term safety data, uncertainty about weight maintenance after stopping treatment, high costs, and the risks of unequal access between countries.
Obes – chronic disease
According to the WHO, more than one billion people in the world are obese. In 2024, it became a factor in 3.7 million deaths. Without drastic action, the number of obese people could double by 2030, putting enormous strain on healthcare systems and leading to global economic losses of up to $3 trillion a year.
“Obesity is a serious global challenge,” said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “The new guidelines recognize obesity as a chronic disease that requires a holistic approach across the lifespan. Medicines alone will not solve the crisis, but GLP-1 therapy can help millions of people.”
WHO emphasizes that obesity is not simply a consequence of individual lifestyle choices. It is a complex, chronic condition influenced by genetic factors, biology, environment, and social conditions.
The Consequences of Excess Weight
Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and a number of cancers, and also worsens the course of many infectious diseases. For most people, losing weight and keeping it off at a healthy level is extremely difficult without medical support.
GLP-1 medications mimic the actions of a naturally occurring hormone that is involved in regulating appetite, blood sugar and digestion. In obese people these medications can lead to significant weight loss and improved health.
WHO included these drugs in the List of Essential Medicines in 2025 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in high-risk groups, and the new recommendations allow their long-term use in obese adults, with the exception of pregnancy.
Integrated approach
WHO emphasizes that Drug therapy cannot be the only answer to the problem of obesity. The most effective approach involves combining medications with a healthier diet, regular physical activity, and long-term follow-up and support from specialists.
The organization reiterates: it is impossible to cope with the obesity epidemic through the efforts of patients alone – systemic measures are needed on the part of governments and industry.
Access, safety and the risk of counterfeit
Demand for GLP-1 drugs already significantly exceeds supply. Even with increased production, WHO estimates that by 2030, less than 10 percent of those for whom they are indicated will have access to these medicines. Without sound public policies, existing health inequalities could be exacerbated. WHO recommends that countries use mechanisms for joint procurement, fair pricing and voluntary licensing.
WHO also warns of the growing circulation of counterfeit and substandard drugs GLP-1 as a result of global deficiency. The organization calls for strict regulation of supply chains, thoughtful prescribing and enhanced quality control.
The guidelines were developed at the request of WHO Member States and are based on scientific evidence, expert judgment and consultation with people living with obesity. The UN agency plans to update recommendations as new evidence becomes available and work with partners in 2026 to ensure that GLP-1 therapy is available to those who need it most.