The most contribution to the raw material market still makes the energy sector: it accounts for 44.5 percent of the volume of trade. Report of Junktad: many countries of the world remain dependent on the export of raw materials Economic development despite international efforts to diversify trade and economies, most developing countries still remain critical of the export of raw materials. This is evidenced by the new report of the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) “The state of raw material dependence”, which analyzes changes in the structure of trade in 195 countries in 2021-2023 compared to 2012–2014. according to the report, 95 out of 143 developing countries – that is, two -thirds – depend on raw materials by more than 60 percent of the total volume of commodity exports. Moreover, among the least developed countries in such a situation there are more than 80 percent. This dependence makes the economy vulnerable to price fluctuations, reduces the stability of state budgets and inhibits structural reforms. market structure ~ 60 > 62 > 62 > 62 > 62 > 62 > 62On a global scale, the raw material exports are still almost a third of all international trade. However, over the past decade, its share has slightly decreased – from 35.5 percent in 2012-2014 to 32.7 percent in 2021–2023. During this period, the total volume of world trade in goods grew by 25.6 percent, while raw materials-only 15.5 percent. ~ 60 > among the categories of goods the most contribution to the raw material market still makes the energy sector: it accounts for 44.5 percent of the volume of trade. However, this is 7.6 percentage points less than in 2012-2014, which is explained by a drop in oil prices and changes in global energy demand. In second place in terms of trade volumes – agricultural products (32 percent), then mineral resources and metals (23 percent) are followed by. regional differences ~ 60 > 62 > 62 > 62 > 62 > 62 > 62Geographically the largest exporter of raw materials is the region of Asia and Oceania, which accounts for 37.1 percent of global volume. Europe takes the second place (33.7 percent), it is followed by America (22.7 percent) and Africa (6.6 percent). At the same time, the export of raw materials from Africa was reduced by 5.6 percent over the study period, mainly due to the fall in revenue from the sale of oil, especially in Nigeria, Angola and Algeria. 60 > dependence on raw materials is still expressed regional. In Africa, 85 percent of countries retain dependence on the export of raw materials, especially in the central and West Africa, where all states fall into this group. ~ 60 > 60 > 62 ~ all countries of Central Asia and South America also relate to the number of such economies, while 11 out of South American states are exported by raw materials exceeding the amount exceeding 80 percent of their foreign trade. risks for the economy ~ 60 > product analysis shows that: ~ 60 > • 33 countries depends predominantly predominantly From the export of energy resources; • 38 countries – from agricultural export, mainly in Africa and Oceania; ~ 60 > • 32 countries – from mining products, while Africa accounts for more than 60 percent of such states. /62 ~ 60 > in the fifthly number The countries dependent on the raw materials decreased from 106 to 103. Of which 99 retain the status from 2012, and 73 export raw materials worth more than 80 percent of the total commodity exports. Moreover, four countries – Antigua and Barbud, Panama, South Africa and Ukraine – have become dependent on raw materials in recent years. Junctad warns that such a trade structure is serious risks. Economics, depending on one or more types of raw materials, are especially vulnerable to shocks in foreign markets and inconsistency of prices. The report emphasizes the need for investment in processing, the development of non -pimps and the creation of stable costs of added value. situation in Eastern Europe and Central Asia ~ 60 > post -Soviet countries remain deep dependent on the export of raw materials, despite the differences in the economic structure. So, in recent years, the Russian Federation has retained the status highly dependent on the raw materials of the economy. In the period 2021–2023, 77 percent of its commodity exports accounted for raw materials. At the same time, compared with 2012–2014, the volume of energy exports decreased by 26.6 percent, including due to the fall of world prices and sanction pressure, which allowed the United States to reach first place among energy exporters in the world. 62 ~~ 60 > Ukraine, which was not dependent on the country at the beginning of the past Decades, in 2021–2023, passed into this category. This is due to an increase in the share of agricultural and mineral products in the structure of foreign trade. ~ 60 > in Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan over 80 percent of export revenues in 2021–2023 were provided by the sale of raw materials, which made them made them. vulnerable to fluctuations in prices in world markets. & nbsp; Despite this, the share of these countries in world raw materials exports remains relatively small, and the potential for economic diversification is significantly underpailed. 62 ~